Unified theories?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Unified Field Theories ∗
This article explains the idea of unified field theories in particle physics. It starts with a historical review of two successful theories which unified two apparently distinct forces: Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetism and Glashow–Salam–Weinberg theory of electroweak forces. Then it describes known four forces in Nature: gravitational, electromagnetic, weak and strong forces, and what their...
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In spite of all the successes of the Standard Model [SM] it is unlikely to be the final theory. It leaves many unanswered questions. Why the local gauge interactions SU(3)C × SU(2)L × U(1)Y and why 3 families of quarks and leptons? Moreover why does one family consist of the states [Q, u, d; L, e] transforming as [(3, 2, 1/3), (3̄, 1,−4/3), (3̄, 1, 2/3); (1, 2,−1), (1, 1, 2)], where Q = (u, d) an...
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I review how traditional grand unified theories, which require adjoint (or higher representation) Higgs fields for breaking to the standard model, can be contained within string theory. The status (as of January 1996) of the search for stringy free fermionic three generation SO(10) SUSY–GUT models is discussed. Progress in free fermionic classification of both SO(10)2 charged and uncharged embe...
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The variability of physical phenomena and partial ignorance about them motivated the development of probability theory in the two last centuries. However, the mathematical framework of probability theory, together with the Bayesian credo claiming the inevitability of unique probability measures for representing agents beliefs, have blurred the distinction between variability and ignorance. Mode...
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We give examples of minimal extensions of the simplest SU(5) SUSYGUT in which all squarks and sleptons of a family have different tree level masses at the unification scale. This phenomenon is general; it occurs when the quarks and leptons are the light remnants of a theory which contains extra heavy families at the unification scale. The examples have interesting relations between Yukawa coupl...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1979
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/278692a0